Fully Chemical Recyclable Poly(γ-butyrolactone)-based Copolymers with Tunable Structures and Properties

Chinese Journal of Polymer Science - The emerging chemical recyclable polymers, such as poly(γ-butyrolactone) (PGBL) and poly((R)-3,4-trans six-membered ring-fused GBL) (P((R)-M)), provide a...     

Regulating Oxygen Configuration in Hierarchically Porous Carbon Nanosheets for High-Rate and Durable Na+ Storage

Surface oxygen functionalities (particularly C−O configuration) in carbon materials have negative influence on their electrical conductivity and Na⁺ storage performance. Herein, we propose a concept from surface chemistry to regulate the oxygen configuration in hierarchically porous carbon nanosheets (HPCNS). It is demonstrated that the C−O/C=O ratio in HPCNS reduces from 1.49 to 0.43 and its graphitization degree increases by increasing the carbonization temperature under a reduction atmosphere. Remarkably, such high graphitization degree and low C−O content of the HPCNS-800 are favorable for promoting its electron/ion transfer kinetics, thus endowing it with high-rate (323.6 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.05 A g⁻¹ and 138.5 mAh g⁻¹ at 20.0 A g⁻¹) and durable (96 % capacity retention over 5700 cycles at 10.0 A g⁻¹) Na⁺ storage performance. This work permits the optimization of heteroatom configurations in carbon for superior Na⁺ storage.     

Electrochromic Detection of Latent Fingermarks on Metal Surface Using 1,1′-Dibenzyl-4,4′-bipyridinium Dichloride

The electrochromic detection of latent fingermarks on polished or unpolished, flat or curved metal surfaces is described using electrochromic material, 1,1’-dibenzyl-4,4’-bipyridinium dichloride. The surface area covered by fingermarks acts as an insulating mask, causing 1,1’-dibenzyl-4,4’-bipyridinium dichloride to change color and produce inversed images of the fingermark. By changing the applied potential, the optical properties of 1,1’-dibenzyl-4,4’-bipyridinium dichloride can be continuously and reversibly adjusted to optimize the visual contrast of fingermarks, so as to realize the detection of latent fingermarks on stainless steel surface. It is demonstrated that the fabricated electrochromic devices can detect the fingermarks on these types of surfaces within twenty seconds at −1.0∼−2.0 V. This work can qualify as a tangible improvement in fingermark detection of the natural fingermarks on the never-cleaned (more than 3 years) and curved surfaces of daily-used container, e. g. cup, and the handle of cleaning tool, mop.     

酶催化原子转移自由基聚合

原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)是制备分子量以及分散度可控聚合物的重要途径。然而,受制于除氧步骤复杂、金属催化剂残留以及单体适用范围有限等因素,ATRP难以应用于批量制备功能化聚合物/共聚物材料,限制了其进一步应用。近年来提出和发展的酶催化聚合,为高效便捷除氧、拓展单体适用范围以及制备具有特殊(纳米)结构的纯净聚合物/共聚物提供了新思路。本文详细介绍了酶的结构与催化机理,以酶的种类进行分类,系统总结了具有不同结构的酶催化体系(包括过氧化辣根酶、血红蛋白、血红素、漆酶等)的催化机理、适用单体、优缺点及应用等;综述了酶以及酶模拟物催化ATRP体系的发展现状;最后,对酶催化ATRP的发展前景和挑战进行了探讨和展望。     

Vapor deposited ethanol–H2O ice mixtures investigated by micro-Raman scattering

Solid deposits have been formed at 88 K and 10⁻¹ Torr from ethanol–water gas collected above aqueous solutions of ethanol (EtOH) (0.6, 2, 4.5, 9 and 17 mol%). The composition of different gas mixtures varying between 1:16 and 1:0.8 EtOH:H₂O are determined at 295 K using our experimental vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) data in combination with the Wilson model [28]. The Wilson constants derived at this temperature are Λ₁₂ = 0.37(4) and Λ₂₁ = 0.58(5). The concentration of EtOH in the ice mixture can be calculated using these data and a kinetic model of condensation. It is found to vary between 9 and 65 mol% EtOH. The ice mixtures are analyzed in situ in a modified cryostage by micro-Raman spectroscopy. The distinct vibrational signatures of pure EtOH, EtOH aqueous solutions and EtOH–ice mixtures are identified in the 400–3800 cm⁻¹ spectral range. Internal vibrational motions of EtOH molecules are affected by temperature and concentration. The presence of amorphous EtOH–ice phases at 88 K is demonstrated by the characteristic vibrational signatures of the ν_OH stretching modes. The crystallization of an EtOH hydrate is proposed during annealing at ∼140 K of a 65 mol% EtOH–ice mixture. According to our preliminary X-ray diffraction work, this phase has apparently a distinct structure from that of solid EtOH or from EtOH–clathtrate structures usually found in frozen aqueous solutions. For ice mixtures of lower EtOH content, a distinct hydrate phase crystallizes at ∼170 K. These results suggest that ice mixtures obtained by vapor deposition reflect the existence of EtOH clusters of a distinctive structural nature with respect to those encountered in frozen aqueous mixtures.     

Time series model based on global structure of complete genome

A time series model based on the global structure of the complete genome is proposed. Three kinds of length sequences of the complete genome are considered. The correlation dimensions and Hurst exponents of the length sequences are calculated. Using these two exponents, some interesting results related to the problem of classification and evolution relationship of bacteria are obtained.     

2R regeneration study in a microcavity with a saturable absorber

We theoretically study the dynamical response of a saturable absorber (SA) in a microcavity realizing a non-linear mirror (NLM). We compare the effects of the SA response time on the extinction ratio of a single pulse crossing a single NLM and a two NLM based device. We also study 2R regeneration of a 40 Gbit/s pulses train with a single NLM.     

有机/金属有机力致发光材料的研究进展

有机/金属有机力致发光材料因具有外力作用诱导产生发光的独特性质,其在冲击力、应力、张力或压力等作用力的传感以及显示、照明及成像等领域具有巨大应用潜力,近年来引起了人们广泛关注.综述了自1980年以来的有机/金属有机力致发光材料（稀土金属有机配合物材料、过渡金属有机配合物材料、纯有机小分子材料和纯有机聚合物材料）和发光机理方面的研究进展,最后提出了有机/金属有机力致发光所面临的挑战与未来发展方向.     

基于分层远程荧光膜白光LED的制备及光谱性能研究

基于荧光粉分层和远程荧光封装技术,采用热压法制备出双层远程荧光膜,并封装出白光LED。通过荧光分光光度计和可见光光谱分析系统研究了绿色和红色远程荧光膜不同分层顺序及不同发射波长对于白光LED光谱性能的影响。研究发现：蓝-绿-红(B-G-R)膜层封装形式相较于蓝-红-绿(B-R-G)辐射发光效率提高了31.69%,色保真度和色域指数均随着红色远程荧光膜波长的增加而升高,发射波长为660 nm时制备的白光LED色保真度最高值达到91,色域指数最高值达到104,辐射发光效率值则与波长成反比关系;色保真度随着绿色远程荧光膜波长的增加逐渐降低,色域指数则先降低后升高,发射波长为530 nm制备的白光LED具有最高的辐射发光效率,达到300.7 lm·W-1。研究所得出的相关结论对于实际的应用具有一定的参考意义。     

Nonlinear waves in complex oscillator network with delay

We investigate the spatio-temporal patterns of Hopf bifurcating periodic solutions in a delay complex oscillator network. Firstly, we calculate the critical values of Hopf bifurcation. Secondly, the bifurcating periodic solutions can take on two cases: one is synchronization or anti-synchronization, and another is the coexistence of two phase-locked, N mirror-reflecting and N standing waves, because the system has group symmetry. Finally, the stability of these nonlinear oscillations is determined using the center manifold theorem and normal form method with the imaginary eigenvalues being simple and double.